{"id":467,"date":"2023-02-06T11:25:26","date_gmt":"2023-02-06T09:25:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.uef.fi\/biopro\/?page_id=467"},"modified":"2023-02-10T09:07:10","modified_gmt":"2023-02-10T07:07:10","slug":"international-trade","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.uef.fi\/biopro\/courses\/bioenenergy-markets-and-policies\/course-structure\/international-trade\/","title":{"rendered":"International trade"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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International biomass trade<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Blas MOLA-YUDEGO<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pellets, among other biofuels, present the advantage of a higher energy efficiency per unit of volume. In general, the energy ratio between oil and pellets is 1:3, which is a good value compared to wood chips or wood-fuel. This advantage facilitates the transportation and logistics of wood pellets, and make it a good example to explain international bioenergy markets. Many countries have developed a different profile, as a consumer or supplier of wood pellets, based on their resources, traditions, heat demand and policy framework among others. It must be underlined that wood pellets are a by-product of the forest industry, particularly sawmills, and whereas the supply and demand applies directly on timber products, it shows inefficiencies related to pellets (there can be a high demand of pellets and a low demand of timber products, therefore affecting the supply of pellets). In Europe, there are four main areas of pellet production, namely Central Europe, Scandinavia, Finland and the Baltics. Each of these areas have different characteristics, related to their policy framework and conditions, that will be presented.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Objectives<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

This session focuses on:<\/p>\n\n\n\n